Do you have RCE?
This can be done in there but needs Marketo programs, e.g:
Member of a program is x, progression status then piviot on Lead status.
If you dont and your trying to do this in SFDC, that's harder.
Need a custom field for lead status date for all your lead status values e.g. MQL Status Date, SAL Status Date etc.
In Marketo you will have smart campaigns stamping the date when the lead entered the lead status and gets pushed to SFDC.
Then you can run report in SFDC by member of campaign is X with columns of lead status date.