Thanks for the feedback, guys. You are definitely correct. The issue only appears when an https page is accessed. The thing is that we don't use https pages for anything, but we do mirror all http content to https calls. We have no idea how google indexed https pages, but somehow they have, seemingly at random despite us not having advertised them to our knowledge.
Any recommendations for the best way to prevent google from indexing https versions of pages, or to redirect calls via https to normal http? It seems this can be accomplished with robots.txt or .htaccess, but this is outside of my area of expertise. Any ideas?